Adsorptive Removal of Toxic Dye Using Fe 3 O 4 –TSC Nanocomposite: Equilibrium, Kinetic, and Thermodynamic Studies

Herein, trisodium citrate based magnetite nanocomposite (Fe 3 O 4 –TSC) was used for malachite green (MG) dye expulsion from aqueous medium. The adsorption tests were executed at different parameters. The maximum adsorption were took place at pH 4 in 40 min. The equilibrium studies were demonstrated using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms and better agreement was attained with the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacity ( q e ) was calculated 435 mg g –1 using Langmuir equation. The kinetic parameters displayed that MG adsorption onto Fe 3 O 4 –TSC followed pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Furthermore, the thermodynamic analysis suggested the adsorption of MG onto Fe 3 O 4 –TSC was impulsive and exothermic. The desorption studies showed the best recovery of MG dye in 0.1 M HCl. Finally, it was found that Fe 3 O 4 –TSC can be effortlessly separated from mixed solutions using external magnetic field.