Key result
Uncontrolled blood pressure (>130/80 mm Hg) was present in 52% of kidney transplant recipients and was associated with greater use of ≥3 antihypertensive drugs (36% vs 25%, P<0.05).
Why the study?
Hypertension in kidney transplant recipients is common and impacts graft and patient survival, but less than 50% reach target blood pressure, prompting investigation into determinants of failure to achieve control.
Cross-Sectional (n=3,407)
Yes
Absolute Event Rate: 36% vs 25%
p-value: p=<0.05
Suboptimal blood pressure control is common in kidney transplant recipients, but target achievement could potentially be improved to 75%-80% through better medication titration and management.
Registry survey identifies modifiable barriers to BP control in KTx recipients; leaves open whether optimized titration improves graft or survival outcomes.
Background. Hypertension in kidney transplant (KTx) recipients is common, affecting both patient and graft survival. Annual data from the Norwegian Renal Registry reveal that <50% of adult (>18 y) KTx recipients reach target blood pressure (BP) ≤130/80 mm Hg. The aim of this study was to identify the determinants of failure to achieve BP control. Methods. In conjunction with the 2018 annual data reporting, additional questions were added for recipients with BP >130/80 mm Hg (treating physician´s target BP for each patient, reasons for not achieving target, method of measurement). Results. Annual forms were received from 98% (3407 of 3486) of KTx recipients, with 1787 (52%) reporting a BP >130/80 mm Hg (“above-target” group). These recipients were older, mostly male, with higher body mass index and serum creatinine levels (P < 0.05) compared with patients with controlled hypertension (“on-target” group). Valid survey answers were available for 84% of the “above-target” group (Survresp) with no significant demographic differences versus nonresponders (Survnonresp). Among Survresp, 32% were under antihypertensive dose titration, whereas dose-limiting side effects were reported in 7%. Target BP was confirmed to 130/80 mm Hg for 60% of Survresp. In recipients for whom the treating physician set target BP >130/80 mm Hg, 51% did not reach these individual targets. The number of antihypertensive drugs was significantly higher in the “above-target” group versus “on-target” group (mean 2.1 ± 1.2 versus 1.8 ± 1.3) and 36% versus 25% used ≥3 antihypertensive drugs (P < 0.05). Automatic attended BP measurement was utilized by 51%. Conclusions. In KTx recipients, a higher BP target achievement seems possible, potentially in the range of 75%-80%.
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Onsøien et al. (2021) conducted a cross-sectional in Hypertension in kidney transplant recipients (n=3,407). Uncontrolled blood pressure (>130/80 mm Hg) vs. Controlled blood pressure (≤130/80 mm Hg) was evaluated on Use of ≥3 antihypertensive drugs (p=<0.05). Uncontrolled blood pressure (>130/80 mm Hg) was present in 52% of kidney transplant recipients and was associated with greater use of ≥3 antihypertensive drugs (36% vs 25%, P<0.05).
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