Key result
China/GD/2019 ASFV emerges as a novel p72 genotype II variant with specific deletions and mutations.
Why the study?
African swine fever was first introduced into Northern China in 2018 and has spread through China since then.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
The China/GD/2019 strain of African Swine Fever Virus is a new variant with specific deletions and mutations, deepening the understanding of ASFV genomic diversity.
African swine fever (ASF) was first introduced into Northern China in 2018 and has spread through China since then. Here, we extracted the viral DNA from the blood samples from an ASF outbreak farm in Guangdong province, China and sequenced the whole genome. We assembled the full length genomic sequence of this strain, named China/GD/2019. The whole genome was 188,642 bp long (terminal inverted repeats and loops were not sequenced), encoding 175 open reading frames (ORF). The China/GD/2019 strain belonged to p72 genotype II and p54 genotype IIa. Phylogenetic analysis relationships based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) also demonstrated that it grouped into genotype II. A certain number of ORFs mainly belonging to multigene families (MGFs) were absent in the China/GD/2019 strain in comparison to the China/ASFV/SY-18 strain. A deletion of approximately 1 kb was found in the China/GD/2019 genome which was located at the EP153R and EP402R genes in comparison to the China/2018/AnhuiXCGQ strain. We revealed a synonymous mutation site at gene F317L and a non-synonymous mutation site at gene MGF_360-6L in China/GD/2019 comparing to three known Chinese strains. Pair-wise comparison revealed 165 SNP sites in MGF_360-1L between Estonia 2014 and the China/GD/2019 strain. Comparing to China/GD/2019, we revealed a base deletion located at gene D1133L in China/Pig/HLJ/2018 and China/DB/LN/2018, which results in a frameshift mutation to alter the encoding protein. Our findings indicate that China/GD/2019 is a new variant with certain deletions and mutations. This study deepens our understanding of the genomic diversity and genetic variation of ASFV.
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Wang et al. (2022) studied African swine fever. Genomic sequencing and characterization vs. Other ASFV strains was evaluated on Genomic sequence and variations. The China/GD/2019 African swine fever virus strain is a new variant belonging to p72 genotype II with specific deletions and mutations compared to previously known Chinese strains.
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