Just before midnight on 2 December 1984, the Indian city of Bhopal became the site of the biggest industrial accident in world history. A cloud of toxic methylisocyanate (MIC) gas escaped from a pressurized tank at a Union Carbide chemical factory. More than 2000 people died immediately and thousands more later on, while tens of thousands continue to suffer breathing problems and other illnesses as a result.
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Robert F. Service (1998) studied this question.