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The Alouette 2 satellite passed over a stable midlatitude red arc on September 28–29, 1967. The electron temperature was measured at the satellite, and a topside sounder determined the electron density structure to the F2 peak. The data are used to calculate the intensity and extent of the red arc; heat flow into the ionosphere via thermal conduction is considered as the only energy source. The calculated 6300-A emission, photometric structure, height of the peak emission, and position of the arc are in general agreement with the observational data of the Fritz Peak airglow observatory.
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Roble et al. (1970) studied this question.
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