Patient-centered care for mental health in patients with heart failure in the intensive care unit: A systematic review

AIM: To assess basic data for developing appropriate interventions by examining the effects of patient-centered care (PCC) on the mental health of patients with heart failure in the intensive care unit (ICU). BACKGROUND: Patients with heart failure are frequently admitted to ICUs, and ICU stays are associated with prolonged mental health problems. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review using the CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and gray literature databases. Inclusion criteria were studies with participants aged ≥18 years with heart failure in the ICU who received a PCC intervention, and studies that described the outcomes for mental health problems. Data were extracted from five selected studies published after 2020 and analyzed. RESULTS: PCC is classified into three areas: comprehensive nursing, multidisciplinary disease management, and targeted motivational interviewing with conventional nursing. The two specific areas of focus for PCC regarding mental health were integrated mental healthcare and specific psychological nursing. Specific psychological nursing comprised relationship building, therapeutic communication, relaxation and motivational techniques, active therapeutic cooperation, psychological status evaluation, music therapy, and environmental management. CONCLUSIONS: This review provides a distinctive understanding of multidisciplinary and multicomponent PCC interventions for patients with heart failure in the ICU as an effective approach for improving their mental health. Future PCC intervention strategies aimed at patients with heart failure in the ICU should consider their preferences and family participation.