Key result
Metabolically unhealthy status is linked to ~6% higher 30-day readmission risk in COPD patients.
Why the study?
The association between overweight/obesity and COPD is inconsistent, and classifying overweight/obesity by metabolic status may improve risk assessment.
Do metabolic abnormalities and overweight/obesity phenotypes increase the risk of unplanned 30-day readmission in patients with COPD?
Cohort (n=1,445,890)
Yes
Do metabolic abnormalities and overweight/obesity phenotypes increase the risk of unplanned 30-day readmission in patients with COPD?
In COPD patients, metabolic abnormalities (especially hyperglycemia and hypertension) rather than overweight/obesity alone drive the risk of unplanned 30-day readmission, though both independently increase risk in the elderly.
Metabolic phenotyping may guide readmission risk stratification in COPD; leaves open whether targeting abnormalities reduces events.
Background: There is an inconsistent association between overweight/obesity and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Considering that different metabolic characteristics exist among individuals in the same body mass index (BMI) category, the classification of overweight/obesity based on metabolic status may facilitate the risk assessment of COPD. Our study aimed to explore the relationship between metabolic overweight/obesity phenotypes and unplanned readmission in patients with COPD. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Nationwide Readmissions Database (NRD). According to metabolic overweight/obesity phenotypes, patients were classified into four groups: metabolically healthy non-overweight/obesity (MHNO), metabolically unhealthy non-overweight/obesity (MUNO), metabolically healthy with overweight/obesity (MHO), and metabolically unhealthy with overweight/obesity (MUO). The primary outcome was unplanned readmission to hospital within 30 days of discharge from index hospitalization. Secondary outcomes included in-hospital mortality, length of stay (LOS) and total charges of readmission within 30 days. Results: Among 1,445,890 patients admitted with COPD, 167,156 individuals were unplanned readmitted within 30 days. Patients with the phenotype MUNO [hazard ratio (HR), 1.049; 95%CI, 1.038–1.061; p < 0.001] and MUO (HR, 1.061; 95%CI, 1.045–1.077; p < 0.001) had a higher readmission risk compared with patients with MHNO. But in elders (≥65yr), MHO also had a higher readmission risk (HR, 1.032; 95%CI, 1.002–1.063; p = 0.039). Besides, the readmission risk of COPD patients with hyperglycemia or hypertension regardless of overweight/obesity increased (p < 0.001). Conclusion: In patients with COPD, overweight/obesity alone had little effect on unplanned readmission, whereas metabolic abnormalities regardless of overweight/obesity were associated with an increased risk of unplanned readmission. Among the metabolic abnormalities, particular attention should be paid to hyperglycemia and hypertension. But in elders (≥65yr) overweight/obesity and metabolic abnormalities independently exacerbated the adverse outcomes.
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Tian et al. (2023) conducted a cohort in Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (n=1,445,890). Metabolically unhealthy overweight/obesity (MUO) vs. Metabolically healthy non-overweight/obesity (MHNO) was evaluated on Unplanned readmission to hospital within 30 days of discharge (HR 1.061, 95% CI 1.045-1.077, p=<0.001). Metabolically unhealthy overweight/obesity (HR 1.061) and metabolically unhealthy non-overweight/obesity (HR 1.049) significantly increased the risk of 30-day unplanned readmission in COPD patients compared to metabolically healthy non-overweight patients.
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