The kinetics of photoelectric and optical signals were measured on samples containing oriented purple membranes immobilized in a poly(vinyl alcohol) film and on purple membranes introduced into a PVA-H2O mixture. The bacteriorhodopsin photocycle in the PVA-H2O mixture was complete. The only observed changes were the slowing down of the optical and electrical signals in relation to the M412-O640 and O640-bRall-trans steps. In the PVA film the O640 intermediate disappeared and a negative photoelectric signal appeared.
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Bryl et al. (1991) studied this question.
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