Key result
Treatment with 0.5% NP-40 or Triton X-100, as well as heating to 95 °C, successfully inactivated African swine fever virus, with NP-40 best preserving biomarker correlation for downstream analyses.
Why the study?
Biomarker analysis in body fluids can aid African swine fever pathogenesis studies, but reliable virus inactivation is required for lower-biosafety laboratories without compromising biomarker preservation.
NP-40 detergent effectively inactivates African swine fever virus while preserving sample biomarkers, enabling safer downstream analyses.
May enable safer ASFV sample handling in labs; leaves open validation for clinical or other pathogen applications.
African swine fever (ASF) is a notifiable viral disease of domestic and wild suids. Despite intensive research efforts, the pathogenesis of the disease is still far from being understood. Analysis of biomarkers in different body fluids may supplement traditional pathogenesis studies. As reliable protocols are often established in laboratories with lower biosafety, the reliable inactivation of samples is crucial. The objective of this study was to find a procedure that inactivates the virus while preserving the biomarkers for downstream analyses. To this means, three different inactivation protocols were employed, namely Tergitol-type NP-40 (NP-40), polyoxyethylene-p-t-octylphenol (Triton X-100) and one with 95 °C heating. It could be demonstrated that all samples treated with 0.5% (v/v) concentration of both detergents showed an absence of virus infectivity. The same was true for heated samples. However, heated serum was not suitable for analyses. Next, the impact of treatment on biomarker readouts was assessed. While all protocols had an impact on the detection of biomarkers, correlation was retained. In particular, NP-40 may be the desired detergent for more accurate measurements while achieving efficient virus inactivation. Based on these studies, samples can be reliably inactivated for most biomarker analyses, and thus broader interdisciplinary cooperation is possible.
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Franco‐Martínez et al. (2022) studied African swine fever (ASF). Inactivation protocols (NP-40, Triton X-100, 95 °C heating) was evaluated on Virus infectivity and biomarker readout correlation. Treatment with 0.5% NP-40 or Triton X-100, as well as heating to 95 °C, successfully inactivated African swine fever virus, with NP-40 best preserving biomarker correlation for downstream analyses.
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