Water splitting: In heterogeneous photocatalysis, it has been believed that doping transition-metal cations having partly filled d orbitals into semiconductor photocatalysts results in a significant drop in photocatalytic activity. Nevertheless, it was found that the activity for the water oxidation of BaTaO2N could be improved by seven times upon modification by pentavalent W species (see picture).
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Maeda et al. (2013) studied this question.
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