Why the study?
Hypertension is a major cause of cardiovascular disease, prompting an assessment of the relationship between hypertension and its risk factors in comprehensive health care center attendees.
What are the risk and protective factors associated with hypertension in adults aged 30 years and above?
Case-Control (n=1,500)
Yes
What are the risk and protective factors associated with hypertension in adults aged 30 years and above?
Odds Ratio: 2.914
p-value: p=<0.05
Urban settlement, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and poor dietary habits are significant risk factors for hypertension, whereas physical activity and vitamin D consumption are protective.
Introduction: Hypertension is recognized as one of the major causes of cardiovascular disease. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between hypertension and its risk factors in the population referring to comprehensive health care centers affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was performed on the health assessment data of the population aged 30 years and above registered in the SINA system in 2017-2018. The present case-control study was conducted on 1500 cases who were selected by systematic random sampling and assigned to the case group (500 hypertensive patients) and control group (1000 subjects without a history of hypertension). Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 22). A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Based on the results, the risk factors for hypertension included settlement in urban areas (OR=2.914), body mass index≥ 25 (OR = 2.522), waist circumference˃90 (OR=2.409), sedentary lifestyle (OR=2.373), consumption of solid oil (OR=1.581), triglyceride level of ˃150 (OR=566), use of table salt (OR=1.547). On the other hand, the following were identified as protective factors against hypertension: hard labor jobs (OR=0.292), optimal physical activity (OR=0.421), and regular consumption of vitamin D (OR=0.625) (p <0.05). Conclusion: The results will not only provide a solid foundation on potency of risk factors and protective factors for hypertension but will also give an invaluable insight to the health planning programs. The reduced prevalence of hypertension can be planned for with the identification of related risk and protective factors.
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Milani et al. (2021) conducted a case-control in Hypertension (n=1,500). Urban settlement, BMI ≥25, and sedentary lifestyle vs. Absence of risk factors was evaluated on Hypertension (OR 2.914, p=<0.05).
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