Conceptual study demonstrates a photovoice-informed group counseling framework for parents of third culture kids, highlighting cultural humility to reduce acculturative stress.
Parents of Third Culture Kids (PTCKs) can experience acculturative stress due to the lack of existing community and unfamiliarity with the social norms in the host country. Counselors need to be equipped and aware of this unique population. However, few researchers have provided therapeutic interventions for this population compared to their children, known as Third Culture Kids. This conceptual paper offers a photovoice-informed group counseling structure as a framework for counselors working with PTCKs. A fictional case study illuminates how this approach can address the unique challenges that PTCKs experience and encourage their autonomy through a cultural humility counseling lens.
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Mizutani et al. (2026) studied this question.
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