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Experimental formulation study demonstrates enhanced stability and a 10-fold permeation increase of reduced glutathione through buccal mucosa, suggesting an effective noninvasive delivery system.
AIM: gelling buccal spray to improve the permeation and stability of reduced glutathione through the buccal mucosa without using ascorbic acid as an antioxidant. MATERIALS AND METHODS: buccal mucosa permeation, and stability. RESULTS: permeation studies showed an approximately 10-fold increase in permeability flux, while stability studies confirmed enhanced stability for more than 1 month under refrigerated conditions. CONCLUSION: gelling buccal spray significantly improved the stability and buccal permeation of reduced glutathione, demonstrating its potential as an effective noninvasive delivery system.
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Nimbalkar et al. (2026) studied this question.
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