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September 10, 2026WorldOpen Access

Gender-Responsive Climate Adaptation in the European Union: From Human Rights Obligations to Effective Green Governance

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Authors

EDEliana Díaz-CrucesUniversidad a Distancia de MadridEZEzequiel Zamora-LedezmaUniversidad Técnica de ManabíSBSimone BelliUniversidad Complutense de Madrid

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Overview

Doctrinal and bibliometric analysis reveals a transformation deficit in European Union climate adaptation policies, highlighting the need for binding, human-rights-based gender governance.

Key Points

  • Examine the integration of gender considerations into European Union climate adaptation governance and evaluate alignment with human rights obligations.
  • Conducted a bibliometric analysis mapping research trends and thematic gaps in gender-responsive climate adaptation literature.
  • Performed doctrinal legal analysis of EU frameworks (European Climate Law, Gender Equality Strategies) and Spanish case studies (2021–2030 PNIEC and PNACC).
  • Evaluated policy frameworks across five human-rights criteria: substantive equality and intersectionality, participation, accountability, data monitoring, and financing.
  • Identified a persistent structural transformation deficit between stated EU gender commitments and actual operational climate instruments.
  • Documented an absence of mandatory requirements for gender impact assessments, sex-disaggregated data collection, and gender-responsive budgeting across core adaptation policies.

Cite This Study

Díaz-Cruces et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6aa27c3058559d80afc75dfehttps://doi.org/10.3390/world7090157
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