What question did this study set out to answer?

Determine the residual antibacterial activity of 11 sulfamethoxazole transformation products in aquatic environments using bacterial bioassays.

August 28, 2014Chemical Research in ToxicologyOpen Access

Antibacterial Activity of Sulfamethoxazole Transformation Products (TPs): General Relevance for Sulfonamide TPs Modified at the para Position

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Authors

MMMarius MajewskyHeidelberg University DWDanny WagnerKarlsruhe Institute of Technology MDMarkus DelayETH Zurich

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Implication

In vitro study demonstrates persistent antibacterial activity of para-modified sulfamethoxazole transformation products in Vibrio fischeri, highlighting environmental risks from degraded antibiotics.

Key Points

Determine the residual antibacterial activity of 11 sulfamethoxazole transformation products in aquatic environments using bacterial bioassays.
Tested in vitro bacterial growth and luminescence inhibition in Vibrio fischeri across 30-minute and 24-hour exposures for 11 sulfamethoxazole transformation products.
Synthesized 4-hydroxy-sulfamethoxazole and N(4)-hydroxy-acetyl-sulfamethoxazole in-house, confirming chemical identity with nuclear magnetic resonance and high-resolution mass spectrometry.
Assessed the combined antibacterial activity of multi-compound mixtures of para-modified transformation products.
Transformation products modified at the para amino group retained distinct antibacterial activity, whereas products with cleaved core structures completely lost antibacterial efficacy.
4-nitro-sulfamethoxazole and 4-hydroxy-sulfamethoxazole inhibited bacterial growth substantially more than the parent compound, while N(4)-acetyl and N(4)-hydroxy-acetyl derivatives retained less than 10% and 5% of parent activity, respectively.
Mixtures of para-modified transformation products demonstrated an additive inhibitory effect on bacterial growth and luminescence.

Cite This Study

Majewsky et al. (2014) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6aa28d5c0fc92d3596e56afd https://doi.org/10.1021/tx500267x

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Implication

In vitro study demonstrates persistent antibacterial activity of para-modified sulfamethoxazole transformation products in Vibrio fischeri, highlighting environmental risks from degraded antibiotics.

Antibacterial Activity of Sulfamethoxazole Transformation Products (TPs): General Relevance for Sulfonamide TPs Modified at the para Position

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Implication

Key Points

Cite This Study

Antibacterial Activity of Sulfamethoxazole Transformation Products (TPs): General Relevance for Sulfonamide TPs Modified at the para Position

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Cite This Study

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