Electricity transmission with superconducting cables uses various cooling media. Liquid hydrogen (LH 2 ) is well suited for magnesium diboride (MgB 2 ), but the breakdown strength of LH 2 -impregnated insulation has not been tested yet. In this letter, polypropylene laminated paper (PPLP) and polyimide (Kapton) insulation structures are tested in the same conditions in LH 2 and LN 2 (liquid nitrogen). The results show that Kapton presents a similar behavior for both cooling media whereas PPLP exhibits a lower shape parameter, i.e. a broader breakdown event scattering, in LH 2 than in LN 2 though scale parameters, i.e. breakdown strength at 63% cumulative probability, are similar.
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Zu et al. (2026) studied this question.
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