Key result
Low ABI linked to ~52% higher odds of cognitive impairment versus normal ABI.
Why the study?
Is abnormal ankle-brachial index associated with cognitive impairment in older adults in Central Africa?
Cross-Sectional (n=1,662)
Yes
Is abnormal ankle-brachial index associated with cognitive impairment in older adults in Central Africa?
Odds Ratio: 1.52 (95% CI 1.03–2.25)
Absolute Event Rate: 20.1% vs 12%
p-value: p=0.0359
Ankle-brachial index ≤0.90 is independently associated with cognitive impairment in older adults in Central Africa, suggesting a link between peripheral atherosclerosis and cognitive decline.
Low ABI may flag cognitive risk in older Central Africans; leaves open longitudinal confirmation before any practice change.
Epidemiological research on the implication of atherosclerosis in the development of cognitive impairment is lacking in low- and middle-income countries, where two-thirds of the individuals affected by dementia live. Individuals aged ≥65 years living in urban and rural areas of 2 countries in Central Africa were invited. Demographic, clinical, and biological data were collected, and the ankle-brachial index (ABI) was measured. Cognitive impairment was defined according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition) criteria. Among 1662 participants (age 72.9 years, 59.3% females), the prevalence of cognitive impairment was 13.6%, which is higher in individuals with ABI ≤ 0.90 and ABI ≥ 1.40 than those with 0.90 < ABI < 1.40 (20.1% and 17% vs 12%, P = .0024). Cognitive impairment was significantly associated with the factors such as age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.09; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07-1.12, P < .0001), female gender (OR: 2.36, 95% CI: 1.59-3.49, P < .0001), smoking (OR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.06-2.23, P = .0026), and low ABI (≤0.90; OR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.03-2.25, P = .0359). The ABI, a ubiquitous marker of atherosclerosis, provides independent and incremental information on susceptibility to present with cognitive disorders.
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Désormais et al. (2017) conducted a cross-sectional in Cognitive impairment (n=1,662). Low ankle-brachial index (≤0.90) vs. Normal ankle-brachial index (0.90 < ABI < 1.40) was evaluated on Cognitive impairment (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.03-2.25, p=0.0359). Low ankle-brachial index (≤0.90) was significantly associated with cognitive impairment compared to normal ABI (20.1% vs 12.0%; OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.03-2.25, P=0.0359).
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