Key result
Higher body mass index was associated with a 2% lower odds of 28-day mortality per unit increase (OR 0.98) in patients with sepsis, exhibiting a U-shaped relationship in males and an L-shaped relationship in females.
Why the study?
The study sought to investigate the potential correlation between BMI and 28-day mortality among sepsis patients and explore gender differences in this association.
Does body mass index correlate with 28-day mortality in male and female patients with sepsis?
Cohort (n=14,883)
No
Does body mass index correlate with 28-day mortality in male and female patients with sepsis?
Odds Ratio: 0.98 (95% CI 0.98–0.99)
p-value: p=<0.001
In patients with sepsis, extreme BMI is associated with increased 28-day mortality, demonstrating a gender-specific pattern where males exhibit a U-shaped risk curve and females exhibit an L-shaped risk curve.
Should not yet guide BMI-based sepsis risk stratification; leaves open causal validation in sex-specific cohorts.
Objective To investigate the potential correlation between body mass index (BMI) and the 28-day mortality rate among sepsis patients and the gender difference in this association. Design The current research was a retrospective cohort study. Participants A total of 14,883 male and female cohorts of sepsis patients were included in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV V2.2) database. Patients in each gender cohort were further classified as underweight, normal weight, overweight, or obese according to BMI and the World Health Organization (WHO) BMI categories. Outcomes The 28-day mortality from the date of ICU hospitalization was the primary outcome measure. Results The BMI and 28-day mortality exhibited an L-shaped relationship (p for nonlinearity <0.001) with significant gender-specific differences. Subgroup analysis revealed different association patterns between the male and female cohorts. Specifically, BMI and mortality exhibited a U-shaped curve relationship among the males (p for nonlinearity <0.001) and an L-shaped relationship among the females (p for nonlinearity = 0.045). Conclusion This study proposes a link between extreme BMI and 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis. Underweight patients have an increased risk of mortality; however, this risk decreases in overweight and obese patients. Upon stratifying by sex, a U-shaped pattern was observed, indicating an association between BMI and 28-day mortality in males, while an L-shaped pattern emerged in females.
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Li et al. (2024) conducted a cohort in Sepsis (n=14,883). Body mass index vs. Normal weight was evaluated on 28-day all-cause mortality (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.98-0.99, p=<0.001). Higher body mass index was associated with a 2% lower odds of 28-day mortality per unit increase (OR 0.98) in patients with sepsis, exhibiting a U-shaped relationship in males and an L-shaped relationship in females.
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