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Modern EMS systems are designed to bring sophisticated emergency medical care to the patient's side. While contemporary EMS systems do not routinely utilize physicians to deliver care, the public expects to receive equivalent care provided by EMS personnel. As such, EMS systems require knowledgeable physician participation and supervision at every level. Active physician involvement in many EMS systems has brought needed improvements, but guidelines for a medical director's qualifications, responsibilities, and authority continue to be refined.
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Alonso-Serra et al. (1998) studied this question.
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