Bone marrow transplant nephropathy

Bone marrow transplantation can be complicated by renal failure resulting from a variety of causes. Early renal injury most often results from infection and its subsequent treatment with nephrotoxic medications. Late renal injury after bone marrow transplantation is characterized by a syndrome similar to the hemolytic uremic syndrome. This renal syndrome, called "bone marrow transplant nephropathy," is thought to evolve from the late effects of radiation therapy and cytotoxic chemotherapy on the kidney. In this article, a case of bone marrow transplant nephropathy and a review of the clinical and pathologic features are presented.