Complications in humeral shaft fractures – non-union, iatrogenic radial nerve palsy, and postoperative infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Figures

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  Figure 1. Flow chart showing study selection.

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  Figure 2. Forest plot of studies analysing post-operative radial nerve palsy risk depending on intramedullary nailing vs ORIF. Amber diamond depicts effect size for subgroups prospective (top) and retrospective (bottom) studies. Red diamond shows overall effect size, solid red line overall effect size value, and dashed black line the no-effect line.

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  Figure 3. Forest plot of studies analysing post-operative radial nerve palsy risk depending on MIPO vs ORIF (A) and anterior/anterolateral vs posterior approach (B). Red diamond shows overall effect size, solid red line overall effect size value, and dashed black line the no-effect line.

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  Figure 4. Forest plot of studies analysing non-union risk after humeral shaft fractures depending on conservative vs operative approach (A) and anterior/anterolateral vs posterior approach (B). Red diamond shows overall effect size, solid red line overall effect size value, and dashed black line the no-effect line.

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  Figure 5. Forest plot of studies analysing non-union risk after humeral shaft fractures depending intramedullary nailing vs ORIF. Amber diamond depicts effect size for subgroups prospective (top) and retrospective (bottom) studies. Red diamond shows overall effect size, solid red line overall effect size value, and dashed black line the no-effect line.

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  Figure 6. Forest plot of studies evaluating post-operative infection risk in surgically treated humeral shaft fractures depending on intramedullary nailing vs ORIF (A) and anterior/anterolateral vs posterior approach (B). Amber diamond depicts effect size for subgroups prospective (top) and retrospective (bottom) studies on IM vs ORIF (A). Red diamond shows overall effect size, solid red line overall effect size value, and dashed black line the no-effect line (A and B).