Antiretroviral Agents — How Best to Protect Infants from HIV and Save Their Mothers from AIDS

Preventing transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and caring for those already infected are essential services in any comprehensive program, and enhancing the mutually beneficial effect of each is an international goal.1 These reinforcing effects are clearly illustrated in the two articles from the Perinatal HIV Prevention Trial (PHPT) Group in this issue of the Journal. The first report, by Lallemant et al., demonstrates the considerable efficacy of a dual antiretroviral regimen in reducing mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1,2 whereas the second, by Jourdain et al., evaluates the effects of subsequent provision of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) . . .