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August 17, 2026BiofilmOpen Access

From adhesion to biofilm: strain-specific and environmental factors shaping Streptococcus mutans biofilms

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Authors

CSChen SunSouthwest Medical UniversityDMDanuta MazurelAcademic Center for Dentistry AmsterdamJYJingmei YangSichuan University

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Implication

Laboratory study demonstrates that salivary agglutinin coating and fluid flow drive Streptococcus mutans biofilm growth, indicating initial adhesion alone does not predict biofilm development.

Key Points

  • To determine how initial adherence properties, salivary agglutinin coating, fluid flow, and microbial community composition influence Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation.
  • Tested four GFP-labeled S. mutans strains (V403, NG8, C67-1, and UA159) on glass surfaces with or without crude salivary agglutinin (cSAG) derived from human parotid saliva.
  • Cultured strains under static conditions using the Calgary Biofilm device and under laminar flow using the BioFlux microfluidic system in mono- and multispecies environments.
  • Quantified bacterial adherence after a 2-hour adhesion phase and subsequent biofilm growth after 10 hours using resazurin metabolic assays and fluorescence image analysis.
  • cSAG coating enhanced adherence and biofilm formation under flow for strains V403, NG8, and C67-1, while strain UA159 exhibited low initial adherence and negligible biofilm formation under flow.
  • All evaluated strains produced substantially more biofilm under laminar flow than under static conditions, with increases exceeding 200-fold for strains V403 and NG8.
  • Presence of a multispecies microbial community consistently decreased the total amount of S. mutans within biofilms under laminar flow conditions.

Cite This Study

Sun et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6aa4a3a568dd06f3d4aa20c4https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioflm.2026.100391
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Also Consider

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