Many patients suffering from severe iron-deficiency anaemia have symptoms and clinical signs related to the mouth, the pharynx, and the finger-nails.Soreness of the tongue with signs of atrophy are commonly found, and difficulty in swallowing localized to the post-cricoid region is felt by 10-20% of patients with iron deficiency.Koilonychia, when it occurs, appears to be associated with atrophy of the buccal mucosa (Jacobs, 1961).It is often assumed that the changes giving rise to these symptoms are due to the effect of
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Alice K. Jacobs (1963) studied this question.
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