New Steroidal Glycosides from Balanites aegyptiaca

Five new steroidal glycosides were isolated from the roots of Balanites aegyptiaca, a widely used African medicinal plant. On the basis of spectroscopic and chemical evidence, their structures were determined as (3β,12α,14β,16β)-12-hydroxycholest-5-ene-3,16-diyl bis(β-D-glucopyranoside) (1), (3β,20S,22R,25R)- and (3β,20S,22R,25S)-26-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-22-methoxyfurost-5-en-3-yl β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (2 and 3, resp.), and (3β,20S,22R,25R)- and (3β,20S,22R,25S)-spirost-5-en-3-yl β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (4 and 5, resp.)