A new approach is presented to quantify the processability of high-performance biobased epoxy formulations via vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM). Epoxidized linseed oil (ELO) is cured with two anhydride hardeners, nadic methyl anhydride and methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride (NMA, MTHPA), and two catalysts, 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene and 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole (DBU, 2E4MI). As neither gel times nor the viscosity–time curves reported vs temperature are sufficient to assess processability, we integrate fluidity–time curves to generate a useful numerical metric for the infusibility of a given resin formulation and report the variation of integrated fluidity with temperature. A conventional high-performance anhydride-cured epoxy serves as a control. ELO-NMA-DBU and ELO-MTHPA-2E4MI show significantly greater infusability vs the control at T ≤ 120 °C. ELO-MTHPA-DBU shows greater infusability at T ≤ 80 °C, and ELO-NMA-2E4MI shows greater infusability, in general. These attractive characteristics highlight the potential of bioepoxies as the basis for more sustainable fiber composites.
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Möller et al. (2017) studied this question.
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