Key result
Higher CRAC channel influx in T cells shifts cytoplasmic Ca2+ from frequency to amplitude modulation.
This computational model demonstrates that the influx rate through CRAC channels determines whether cytoplasmic Ca2+ in T cells is modulated via frequency or amplitude.
Hypothesis-generating for CRAC channel effects on T-cell Ca2+ signaling; requires experimental validation before any translational consideration.
A reaction-diffusion model is built to investigate the temporal and spatial patterns of cytoplasmic Ca 2+ dynamics under the effects of Ca 2+ -release activated Ca 2+ (CRAC) channels in T cells. Simulation results show a strong dependence of the modulation mode of Ca 2+ oscillation and dynamic patterns of Ca 2+ wave on the influx rate through the CRAC channel ( k soc ). When k soc is small, cytoplasmic Ca 2+ is modulated as a frequency-modulation (FM) signal, whereas it shows an amplitude modulation (AM) mode after k soc passes through a critical value. The heterogeneity in spatial Ca 2+ distribution is mostly arising from the influx through CRAC channels in both FM and AM modes. During each Ca 2+ spike, a more sustained cytoplasmic Ca 2+ gradient is maintained in the AM mode rather than in the FM mode.
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Li et al. (2010) studied this question. Ca2+-release activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels influx rate (ksoc) was evaluated on Spatiotemporal Ca2+ patterns (modulation mode of Ca2+ oscillation and dynamic patterns of Ca2+ wave). Simulation of CRAC channel influx rate (ksoc) in T cells showed that small ksoc modulates cytoplasmic Ca2+ as a frequency-modulation signal, while higher ksoc shifts it to amplitude modulation.
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