Seven New Polyacetylene Derivatives, Showing Both Potent Metamorphosis-Inducing Activity in Ascidian Larvae and Antifouling Activity Against Barnacle Larvae, from the Marine Sponge Callyspongia truncata

Seven new polyacetylene derivatives, two hydrocarbons (callytetrayne and callypentayne) and five triols (callytriols A−E), were isolated from the marine sponge Callyspongia truncata along with the known siphonodiol and its monosulfates and disulfates. All compounds showed potent metamorphosis-inducing activity in the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi larvae, with ED 100 values of 0.13−1.3 μg/mL, and the triols also showed antifouling activity against the barnacle Balanus amphitrite larvae, with ED 50 values of 0.24−4.5 μg/mL.