Isolation, Identification and Antibiotic Resistance Profiling of Salmonella from Chicken and Ducks

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Current study was planned to assess the isolation, identification and antibiotic resistance profiling of Salmonella in chicken and ducks.A total of 125 feces samples (55 broilers, 45 layers and 25 ducks) were collected in district Hyderabad.Isolation was done according to ISO 6579 standard method.Identification of isolated bacteria was done using the Salmonella specific biochemical tests.Antimicrobial resistance patterns were determined using the disk diffusion method.Salmonella were detected in 22, 19 and 10 samples, showing prevalence of 40.0, 42.22 and 40.0 percent in broiler, layer and ducks, respectively.Duck isolates exhibited 100 percent resistance against tetracycline, sulfamethazine and doxycycline, followed by ampicillin that showed 70% resistance.In case of layers tetracycline, sulfamethazine and doxycycline showed 100 percent resistance to Salmonella isolates, followed by ampicillin and enrofloxacin that exhibited 73.68 and 63.15% resistance.In broiler, sulfamethazine showed 100 percent resistance followed by ampicillin (68.18%).The results shows that out of the 22 Salmonella isolates of broiler origin, 20 (90.9%) were recognized as multidrug resistant (MDR).Similarly, out of 19 isolates of layer birds, 17 (89.47%)were recorded as MDR organisms.However, Salmonella isolates of ducks exhibited a little bit less number of MDR organisms i.e., 60%.The antibiotic resistance pattern further shows that out of the total 51 poultry (broiler, layer and ducks) isolates 84.31% (n = 43) were recorded as MDR.The resistance pattern further shows that out of the total 51 Salmonella isolates, the highest resistance was detected to sulfamethazine 100% (n = 51/51), followed by ampicillin 70.58% (n=36/51), tetracycline 68.73% (n=35/51), doxycycline 56.86% (n=29/51), enrofloxacin 29.41% (n=15/51), norfloxacin 17.64% (n=9/51), ciprofloxacin 11.76% (n=6/51) and gentamicin had 9.80% resistance (n=5/51).These results demonstrated that prevalence of MDR organisms is quite high in chickens (broilers and layers) as compared to ducks.Moreover, gentamicin, followed by ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and enrofloxacin could be the drug of choice against Salmonella of poultry origin.