Key result
LDL particles from hypertriglyceridemic individuals have lower core melting temperatures, lower cholesteryl ester ordering, smaller size, and thinner protein shells than healthy individuals.
Why the study?
Standard clinical cholesterol markers fail to predict most atherosclerosis cases, and determining LDL size and structural parameters under physiological-like conditions remains challenging experimentally.
How does the ultrastructure of LDL particles differ between individuals with normal and high triglyceride serum levels?
Observational
How does the ultrastructure of LDL particles differ between individuals with normal and high triglyceride serum levels?
Hypertriglyceridemia is associated with distinct structural changes in LDL particles, including smaller size and altered core properties, which may contribute to their atherogenicity.
Atherosclerosis is the main killer in the west and therefore a major health challenge today. Total serum cholesterol and lipoprotein concentrations, used as clinical markers, fail to predict the majority of cases, especially between the risk scale extremes, due to the high complexity in lipoprotein structure and composition. In particular, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) plays a key role in atherosclerosis development, with LDL size being a parameter considered for determining the risk for cardiovascular diseases. Determining LDL size and structural parameters is challenging to address experimentally under physiological-like conditions. This article describes the biochemistry and ultrastructure of normolipidemic and hypertriglyceridemic LDL fractions and subfractions using small-angle X-ray scattering. Our results conclude that LDL particles of hypertriglyceridemic compared to healthy individuals 1) have lower LDL core melting temperature, 2) have lower cholesteryl ester ordering in their core, 3) are smaller, rounder and more spherical below melting temperature, and 4) their protein-containing shell is thinner above melting temperature.
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Jakubauskas et al. (2020) conducted an observational in Hypertriglyceridemia. High triglyceride serum levels vs. Normal triglyceride serum levels was evaluated on LDL biochemistry and ultrastructure. LDL particles from hypertriglyceridemic individuals have lower core melting temperatures, lower cholesteryl ester ordering, smaller size, and thinner protein shells than healthy individuals.
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