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September 12, 2026Journal of Medical EconomicsOpen Access

Societal and fiscal gains from HPV vaccination in Poland – return on investment from extending access to HPV vaccination

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Authors

RJRafal JaworskiNKNikolaos KotsopoulosMCMarcin Czech

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Overview

Cost-benefit modeling reveals expanding HPV vaccination coverage reduces disease burden and yields net economic gains, highlighting strong fiscal justification for broad immunization access.

Key Points

  • To evaluate the societal and fiscal impact of expanding HPV vaccination eligibility to boys and girls aged 9–17 years and increasing vaccination coverage.
  • Conducted a cost-benefit analysis from both macroeconomic (societal) and public economic (fiscal) perspectives using a dynamic transmission model projecting HPV-related disease incidence and mortality over a 100-year time horizon.
  • Estimated incremental vaccination costs and translated epidemiological reductions into economic outcomes by accounting for healthcare expenditures, productivity losses, and tax revenues, using a 3% annual discount rate.
  • Expanding vaccination to boys and girls aged 9–17 with 60% coverage was projected to reduce HPV-related diseases by 16% and deaths by 13%, yielding EUR 4.5 billion in societal benefits and EUR 2.4 billion in fiscal benefits against EUR 1.1 billion in incremental costs (returns of EUR 4.2 societal and EUR 2.2 fiscal per EUR 1 invested).
  • Achieving 90% coverage in the 9–17 age group was projected to reduce HPV-related diseases by 33% and deaths by 27%, producing EUR 9.8 billion in societal benefits and EUR 5.1 billion in fiscal benefits at an incremental cost of EUR 2.1 billion (returns of EUR 4.6 societal and EUR 2.4 fiscal per EUR 1 invested).

Cite This Study

Jaworski et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6aa51f2b327956e4761f94e8https://doi.org/10.1080/13696998.2026.2728462
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