Systematic thematic analysis uncovers governance gaps in university waqf systems, indicating that integrated frameworks reconcile parallel secular and religious regulatory pressures.
Key Points
To develop an integrated governance model for waqf management in public universities that addresses multiscalar regulatory fragmentation, dual accountability, and institutional sustainability.
Conducted a systematic thematic analysis of 43 Scopus-indexed, peer-reviewed journal articles using Atlas.ti 24.
Applied a three-stage coding process (open, axial, and selective) yielding 280 initial codes, 19 axial codes, and three core categories.
Identified three foundational governance categories: legal and regulatory framework, management and governance framework, and socioeconomic impact and development.
Demonstrated that coercive, mimetic, and normative isomorphism combined with path dependence dictate governance dynamics that existing single-dimension endowment or Shariah board models fail to address simultaneously.