Key result
New HCoV-NL63 subgenotype C3 linked to ~50% of severe pediatric lower respiratory infections via enhanced entry.
Why the study?
Human coronavirus NL63 is primarily associated with the common cold, and outbreaks are rare.
Observational (n=23)
No
HCoV-NL63 is undergoing continuous mutation, such as the I507L mutation in the new C3 subgenotype, which enhances host cell entry and has the potential to cause severe lower respiratory disease.
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Warrants vigilance for HCoV-NL63 variants in severe pediatric respiratory infections; leaves open whether I507L confers enhanced pathogenicity.
Wang et al. (2020) conducted an observational in Severe lower respiratory tract infection (n=23). HCoV-NL63 subgenotype C3 infection vs. Other HCoV-NL63 subgenotypes (e.g., prototype virus) was evaluated on Phylogenetic characterization and viral entry efficiency. A newly identified subgenotype C3 of HCoV-NL63, featuring an I507L mutation that enhances viral entry, accounted for half of 23 pediatric cases of severe lower respiratory tract infection in a 2018 outbreak in China.
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