Key result
Adolescent hypertension affects ~6%, linked to male gender, obesity, alcohol, smoking, and high blood sugar.
Cross-Sectional (n=952)
No
Hypertension is present in 6.4% of adolescents in this Nigerian university cohort and is associated with traditional adult risk factors such as obesity, smoking, and alcohol use.
Supports screening at-risk Nigerian adolescents; leaves open prospective studies to confirm causality and guide prevention.
Objectives: High blood pressure among adolescents is not as researched as it is among adults, notwithstanding that hypertension in adults is being tracked back to childhood. This study identied the prevalence of hypertension among adolescents, the age related pattern of prevalence and associated risk factors. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted among university students who presented for preadmission medical examination. Blood pressuremeasurement was conducted and cut off reading was based on JNC VII classication for hypertension. Results: A total of 952 students had complete data. Participants were aged 14 – 19 years with a mean age of 16.6 ± 1.03 years. Prevalence of hypertensionamong the adolescents was 6.4%. High blood pressure (HBP) distribution was as follows; systolic HBP (54%), diastolic HBP (31.15%) and combinedsystolic and diastolic HBP (14.75%). The risk factors significantly associated with HBP were male gender, obesity, overweight, alcohol, smoking and high blood sugar (p values 0.001, 0.039, 0.001, 0.016, and 0.001 respectively). However family history of hypertension was not significantly associated with hypertension (p=0.053). The majority of the adolescents with hypertension were unaware of the morbidity. Conclusion: Hypertension is identifiable in adolescents and it appears to increase with age. Notable risk factors for hypertension in adults are also associatedwith hypertension among adolescents. Regular screening will improve awareness and help mitigate the complications of this condition.
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Ogu et al. (2015) conducted a cross-sectional in Hypertension (n=952). Risk factors (male gender, obesity, overweight, alcohol, smoking, high blood sugar) was evaluated on Prevalence of hypertension. The overall prevalence of hypertension among adolescents was 6.4%, with significant associations observed for male gender, obesity, overweight, alcohol, smoking, and high blood sugar.
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