Purification, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Activity of Lysozyme Obtained from the Mucus of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

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Lysozyme is an antimicrobial enzyme present in animal secretions with applications in food, pharmaceutical, and biotechnological industries. This study purified and characterized lysozyme from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) mucus as a sustainable alternative source and evaluated its antimicrobial activity. Purification via crystallization and ultrafiltration yielded 40.4% recovery and 352.86 U/mg activity. The enzyme showed optimal activity at pH 6.0 and 45 °C, remaining stable between pH 5.0-8.0 and up to 65 °C. It was resistant to Ca²⁺ and Mn²⁺ and stable in organic solvents. Compared to commercial lysozyme, it exhibited higher catalytic efficiency, highlighting its industrial potential.