We report on electromagnetic modes in space-time-modulated dispersion-engineered media. These modes exhibit unusual dispersion relation, field profile, and scattering properties. They are generated by coupled codirectional space-time harmonic pairs and occur in space-time periodic media whose constituent materials exhibit specific dispersion. Excitation of a slab of such a medium with subluminal modulation results in periodic transfer of energy between the incident frequency and a frequency shifted by a multiple of the modulation frequency, whereas superluminal modulation generates exponentially growing anharmonics. These modes may find applications in optical mixers, terahertz sources, and other optical devices.
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Chamanara et al. (2018) studied this question.
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