The domain-structure images of (001) plates of Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 –PbTiO 3 (PMN-PT) single crystals were successfully obtained in a vacuum using a contact-resonance piezoresponse force microscope (CR-PFM). During conventional PFM observations at sufficiently high temperature, the modulation voltages applied between the tip and the counter electrode induced polarization reversals and destroyed local domain structures under the tip. With the help of the contact-resonance mode, piezoresponse images could be obtained with a reduced amplitude of the modulation signal, that addressed the issue of the polarization reversals at high temperature. Using this CR-PFM, circular domains 30–100 nm in diameter were observed at temperatures above 175°C.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Okino et al. (2003) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: