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and smaller particles <10 μm were formed. Further characterisation with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) confirmed these findings and showed that the sulphur content is reduced through UV-ageing suggesting that crosslinking breakage may be a mechanism of degradation. Analysis with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed a substantial decrease in chemical additives by UV-induced oxidation and breakdown. Finally, with measurements in the field TRWP particle sizes and accumulation times were studied, confirming the experimentally determined degradation mechanisms.
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Os et al. (2025) studied this question.
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