The c(2×{}2) surface phase obtained from deposition of submonolayer amounts of Pd onto a clean Cu{001} surface is proven to have a top layer consisting of an ordered 50%-50% mixture of Pd and Cu atoms, and no ordered content in deeper layers, analogous to the structure found for Cu{001}c(2×{}2)-Au. The structure of the top layer is almost planar, with the Pd atoms located 0.02±{}0.03 A{} outwards from the Cu atoms, and an interlayer distance from the Cu atoms to second (100% Cu) layer equal to the Cu{001} bulk interlayer spacing (1.807 A{}). Angle-resolved photoemission spectra show that the valence band of the surface alloy is characterized by a well-defined Cu 3d--derived band and by the appearance of features due to Pd. The narrower width of the observed photoemission peaks compared with the valence band of Cu-rich Cu-Pd alloys studied by others confirms the ordered-alloy nature of the Cu{001}c(2×{}2)-Pd surface phase.
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Lü et al. (1988) studied this question.