We report on three-step sequential three-photon near-infrared (NIR) quantum splitting in β-NaYF4:Ho3+, where one absorbed ultraviolet photon is split into three NIR photons with wavelengths 850, 1015, and 1180 nm. The underlying mechanism is analyzed by static and dynamic photoemission and excitation spectroscopy. An internal quantum yield of 124% is estimated on the basis experimental data and theoretical considerations. Further development of an efficient triply splitting NIR phosphor might open up an approach in achieving efficient photonic devices, which enables more photons emitted than absorbed in the excitation process.
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Yu et al. (2011) studied this question.
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