Production, Composition and Properties of Silicon- And Carbon-Containing Products of Buckwheat Husk Processing

Although the efficient use of biomass waste can significantly help in solving environmental problems, there are a number of challenges that researchers face. The question of efficient extraction of valuable components arises due to the close relationship between the components of biomass. This paper investigates the possibility of extracting valuable products from buckwheat husks, which are a significant multi-tonnage by-product of buckwheat processing. The main attention is paid to the processes of obtaining cellulose, lignin and silicon dioxide using acid and alkaline treatment. Analyses were carried out, including X-ray, IR spectroscopic and thermal, which made it possible to establish the physicochemical properties of the synthesized products, their morphology and composition. It was found that the obtained cellulose contains minor impurities and is characterized by a high degree of purity, and lignin and silicon dioxide demonstrate high energy value. The final products obtained as a result of this process were cellulose particles and fine particles of silicon dioxide and lignin with a heterogeneous shape. The lignocellulose products contained more than 30% carbon by weight. The resulting silica product had an amorphous structure. The result of this study contributes to the expansion and development of a simple and efficient process for converting biomass waste into sustainable, value-added materials, ensuring economic feasibility and reducing environmental impact. The results can serve as a basis for further research in the field of extracting valuable components from other types of plant waste, highlighting the importance of these processes for sustainable development and environmental protection.