This paper contains a review of the latest research activities toward transcritical CO2 cycle technology as a replacement for the fluorocarbon-based vapor-compression technology for heat pumping, air-conditioning, and refrigeration applications. In addition, the potential of using the transcritical CO2 cycle technology for particular applications and the barriers that must be overcome before its acceptance are reviewed. Advances in theory and recent experimental data are also included.
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Groll et al. (2007) studied this question.