Coronavirus (COVID-19) Fulminant Myopericarditis and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) in a Middle-Aged Male Patient

Figures

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  Figure 1. Chest CT scan without IV contrast of the patient with coronavirus infection establishing severe ARDS. CT: Computer Tomography; IV: Intravenous; ARDS: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

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  Figure 2. Chest X-ray PA view revealing a severe ARDS. PA: Posteroanterior; ARDS: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

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  Figure 3. An EKG demonstrating diffuse ST elevation. EKG: Electrocardiography; ST: ST segment.

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  Figure 4. An electronic micrograph depicting the “crown-like” shape of Coronaviridae with the spikes. Image reproduction approved by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Credit: NIAID

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  Figure 5. Electron microscope image shows coronavirus (yellow) emerging from the surface of the cell (blue/pink). Image reproduction approved by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Credit: NIAID

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  Figure 6. Coronavirus groups, diseases, hosts, and receptors.

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  Figure 7. 3D animation showing a viral particle contains an internal helical ribonucleic acid (RNA)-protein nucleocapsid surrounded by an envelope containing viral glycoproteins. Nucleocapsid (N) protein is a phosphoprotein that is complexed with genome RNA to form the nucleocapsid. Spike glycoprotein (S) forms the large glycosylated peplomers that are characteristic of coronaviruses. M, the transmembrane protein, is highly hydrophobic and spans the membrane multiple times. E, a membrane-spanning protein, is a minor component of the membrane. Some group II viruses express another glycoprotein, hemagglutinin-esterase (HE), which forms smaller spikes on virions. Image reproduction approved by Scientific Animation Image credit : www.scientificanimations.com

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  Figure 8. The schematic presentation depicts how the coronavirus attaches to the host’s angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE2) cell receptor. Furthermore, it highlights the different steps in the replication, translation processes and the mechanism of the drugs that have been used recently. These important steps occur with the assistance of the host’s RNA polymerase enzymes. The products are then packaged inside the cellular compartments known as the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus. After this process is completed, the replicated virus utilizes the vesicle trafficking system to undergo exocytosis and infect other host cells. RNA: Ribonucleic acid Image reproduction by Gene Tex Credit: Gene Tex

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  Figure 9. Mechanism of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in the alveoli. Image reproduction approved by Health Save Blog Credit: Health Save Blog