A critical analysis of available thermodynamic data for the Fe-Nb-C, Fe-Nb-N, and Fe-Nb-C-N systems has been performed. Based on this analysis, self-consistent thermodynamic descriptions of these systems have been selected and refined using the CALPHAD method. With the use of the thermodynamic descriptions constructed, phase equilibria in these systems have been calculated. On the basis of these calculations, the solubility of carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides in the Fe-Nb-C, Fe-Nb-N, and Fe-Nb-C-N systems has been analyzed and some laws governing the effect of composition and temperature on the phase composition of niobium-containing steels have been considered.
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Горбачев et al. (2010) studied this question.
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