In order to determine the effectiveness of coastal forests against tsunamis, old records have been collected and analyzed. Three diagrams have been obtained: the first for the judgement of damage to trees, the second for the effectiveness of a forest in terms of the width of the forest and the third for the effectiveness and damage in terms of the summed tree diameter, which has been newly defined to express hydraulic resitance of a forest.
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Nobuo Shuto (1987) studied this question.