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Extracranial meningiomas are most often due to extension from an intracranial primary and less so from meningocytic cells found with arachnoid clusters or modified mesenchymal cells. The most common presentation of all forms is cutaneous, either primary or secondary. Orbital, paranasal, temporal bone and oral presentations follow in that order.
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John G. Batsakis (1984) studied this question.
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