The normal content (80–90 g kg−1) of linolenic acid in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] oil adversely affects oil flavor and stability. A new mutant (M‐24) with lower linolenic acid content (62 g kg−1) was developed by x‐ray irradiation. Our objective was to determine the inheritance of linolenic acid content in M‐24 and to determine the genetic relationships of this trait with the fan and fanx loci known to control linolenica acid in M‐5 and KL‐8 mutant, respectively. Reciprocal crosses were made between each mutant and ‘Bay’, and among the three mutants No maternal or cytoplasmic effects were observed in any of the crosses. Data from F2 seeds of the cross M‐24 ✕ Bay indicated that linolenic acid content in M‐24 was controlled by an allele at a single locus with no dominance effects. In the cross of M‐24 ✕ KL‐8, F2 segregation indicated that linolenic acid content in M‐24 and KL‐8 was controlled by two different alleles at the same locus. Fort he M‐5 ✕ M‐24 cross, F2 segregation patterns and the segregation of F3 seeds from individual F2 plants indicated that M‐5 and M‐24 mutants have alleles at different independent loci that control linolenic acid content. Therefore, the allele in M‐24 is designated as fanxα (M‐24) to distinguish it from those of fan (M‐5) and fanx (KL‐8). The segregate with the fanfanfanxα fanxα genotype can be considered as an important germplatsm that can reduce the linolenic acid content in soybean oil.
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Rahman et al. (1998) studied this question.