Cardioprotective effects of puerarin against myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury: a preclinical systematic review and meta-analysis

FIGURE 1. Pharmacological effects of puerarin.

FIGURE 2. PRISMA flow diagram of study selection and inclusion.

FIGURE 3. Risk of bias and quality assessment of the included studies: (A) risk-of-bias graph; (B) risk-of-bias summary.

FIGURE 4. Forest plot of cTnT, CK, CK-MB, LDH, LVDP, and LVIDs: (A) forest plot of cTnT; (B) forest plot of CK; (C) forest plot of CK-MB; (D) forest plot of LDH; (E) forest plot of LVDP; (F) forest plot of LVIDs.

FIGURE 5. Forest plot of LVEDP, LVIDd, LVSP, LVEF, LVFS, and +dp/dtmax: (A) forest plot of LVEDP; (B) forest plot of LVIDd; (C) forest plot of LVSP; (D) forest plot of LVEF; (E) forest plot of LVFS; (F) forest plot of +dp/dtmax.

FIGURE 6. Forest plot of -dp/dtmax, NO, SOD, MDA, TNF-α, and GSH: (A) forest plot of -dp/dtmax; (B) forest plot of NO; (C) forest plot of SOD; (D) forest plot of MDA; (E) forest plot of TNF-α; (F) forest plot of GSH.

FIGURE 7. Forest plot of IL-1β, IL-6, AI (cardiomyocyte apoptosis index), myocardial infarction size, and myocardial ischemic size: (A) forest plot of IL-1β; (B) forest plot of IL-6; (C) forest plot of AI; (D) forest plot of myocardial infarction size; (E) forest plot of myocardial ischemic size.

FIGURE 8. Subgroup analysis of administration route: (A) subgroup analysis of administration route to AI; (B) subgroup analysis of administration route to CK-MB; (C) subgroup analysis of administration route to myocardial infarction size; (D) subgroup analysis of administration route to myocardial ischemic size; (E) subgroup analysis of administration route to IL-6; (F) subgroup analysis of administration route to LVEF; (G) subgroup analysis of administration route to LDH; (H) subgroup analysis of administration route to LVFS; (I) subgroup analysis of administration route to TNF-α; (J) subgroup analysis of administration route to MDA; (K) subgroup analysis of administration route to SOD; (L) subgroup analysis of administration route to NO.

FIGURE 9. Subgroup analysis of dosage subgroup: (A) subgroup analysis of dosage to AI; (B) subgroup analysis of dosage to CK-MB; (C) subgroup analysis of dosage to CK; (D) subgroup analysis of dosage to myocardial infarction size; (E) subgroup analysis of dosage to IL-6; (F) subgroup analysis of dosage to LDH; (G) subgroup analysis of dosage to SOD; (H) subgroup analysis of dosage to NO; (I) subgroup analysis of dosage to MDA; (J) subgroup analysis of dosage to TNF-α; (K) subgroup analysis of dosage to LVEF.

FIGURE 10. Subgroup analysis of body weight: (A) subgroup analysis of body weight to AI; (B) subgroup analysis of body weight to CK-MB; (C) subgroup analysis of body weight to CK; (D) subgroup analysis of body weight to myocardial infarction size; (E) subgroup analysis of body weight to IL-6; (F) subgroup analysis of body weight to LDH; (G) subgroup analysis of body weight to SOD; (H) subgroup analysis of body weight to LVSP; (I) subgroup analysis of body weight to myocardial ischemic size; (J) subgroup analysis of body weight to LVFS; (K) subgroup analysis of body weight to NO; (L) subgroup analysis of body weight to TNF-α.

FIGURE 11. Publication bias of myocardial infarction size, LDH, or MDA: (A) publication bias of LDH; (B) publication bias of MDA; (C) publication bias of myocardial infarction size.

FIGURE 12. Sensitivity analysis of myocardial infarction size, LDH, or MDA: (A) sensitivity analysis of myocardial infarction size; (B) sensitivity analysis of LDH; (C) sensitivity analysis of MDA.