Role of Chitramutti Madakku Thailam in managing Soothiga Vatham (hysteria/functional neurological disorder): A comprehensive review

Background: Hysteria, historically associated with psychological and uterine disturbances, predominantly affects females and is now classified as functional neurological disorder. In Siddha system of medicine, similar clinical presentations are recognized as Soothiga Vatham , arising from deranged Vatham localized in the uterus. This imbalance affects both motor ( kanmendhriyam ) and cognitive ( gnanendhriyam ) functions, leading to functional neurological impairments with psychological symptoms. This review aims to evaluate the therapeutic relevance of Chitramutti Madakku Thailam (CMT) in the management of Soothiga Vatham and its associated neuropsychiatric conditions. Materials and Methods: CMT, as described in Theraiyar Thaila Varga Churukkam , is prepared using Sida cordifolia L. ( Chitramutti ) and Sesamum indicum L. (sesame oil). It is administered via internal ingestion and external application through Thokkanam (therapeutic massage), Ennai Muzhukku (oil bathing therapy), and Thuvalai (anointing). This review was done using information obtained from classical Siddha texts, contemporary research articles, electronic databases, and other academic sources. Both modern pharmacological studies and Siddha classical literature were analyzed to elucidate the formulation’s pharmacodynamics and potential clinical benefits. Results and Discussion: Pharmacological evidence indicates that CMT exhibits anxiolytic, neurotonic, uterine-regulating, and osteoprotective effects. These properties support its application in mitigating neuropsychiatric manifestations and promoting overall well-being among women, particularly in postmenopausal conditions. Combined systemic and topical administration, along with yoga, pranayamam , and counseling, facilitates mind–body integration and enhances therapeutic outcomes, reflecting the integrative framework of Siddha medicine. Conclusion: CMT represents a promising Siddha therapeutic for managing Soothiga Vatham and associated neuropsychiatric and postmenopausal conditions. Its combined medicinal and supportive practices highlight the need for clinical trials to validate its efficacy and safety.