Key result
The DD genotype of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene was significantly associated with chronic kidney disease, present in 56.3% of patients versus 15.7% of healthy controls (p<0.01).
Why the study?
This study aimed to estimate the frequencies of different ACE gene polymorphisms in patients with chronic kidney disease compared to healthy controls.
Is the ACE gene insertion/deletion polymorphism associated with chronic kidney disease in an Egyptian population?
Case-Control (n=205)
No
Is the ACE gene insertion/deletion polymorphism associated with chronic kidney disease in an Egyptian population?
Absolute Event Rate: 56.3% vs 15.7%
p-value: p=<0.01
The DD genotype of the ACE gene polymorphism is associated with chronic kidney disease and an increased risk of progression to renal failure in Egyptians.
ACE DD genotype was associated with higher CKD risk; hypothesis-generating in Egyptians and requires prospective validation before any clinical role.
Kidney disease is clinically characterized by increasing rates of urinary albumin excretion, starting from normo-albuminuria, which progresses to microalbuminuria, macro albuminuria nephropathy, and eventually to end stage renal disease. This study aimed to estimate the frequencies of different polymorphisms of ACE gene in chronic kidney disease, and Healthy control. A case-control study design was carried out on 207 patients they were classified into 104 nephrotic syndrome and 103 chronic kidney injury patients in addition to 102 healthy subjects. The I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene was determined sequences of the sense and antisense primers PCR was performed in a final volume of 50 μl. Results: Genotype frequencies 2nd PCR (II, ID and DD-genotypes) in control group were found to be 12, 74 and 58; respectively while genotype frequencies 2nd PCR (II, ID and DD-genotypes) in CKD group were 0, 45 and 58; respectively. In Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients, there were significant increase in [Creatinine (mg/dL), Cholesterol (mg/dL), T.G (mg/dL), LDL (mg/dL), Uric Acid (mg/dL)], 7.70 ± 2.98, 236.45 ± 42.19, 256.41 ± 43.11, 149.78 ± 12.78, 6.68 ± 0.82; respectively compared to control group (p<0.01). But there was a significant decrease in albumin 3.02 ± 0.419, compared to control group (p<0.01). From this study we conclude that there is a correlation between polymorphism of angiotensin converting enzyme gene and chronic kidney disease, especially DD genotype, which increases the chances of development to the stage of renal failure.
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Hussein et al. (2022) conducted a case-control in Chronic Kidney Disease (n=205). ACE gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism vs. Healthy controls was evaluated on Prevalence of ACE DD genotype (p=<0.01). The DD genotype of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene was significantly associated with chronic kidney disease, present in 56.3% of patients versus 15.7% of healthy controls (p<0.01).
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